February 22, 2025

Glucose Hexokinase FS

PROLINE Glucose Hexokinase FS

Product Description

Glucose is a monosaccharide (C₆H₁₂O₆) that serves as the body's primary energy source. Sugars from food are digested into monosaccharides such as fructose and galactose, which can form disaccharides or polysaccharides like starch and glycogen. Glucose metabolism involves processes such as glycolysis, glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, and gluconeogenesis, which are regulated by hormones. The oxidation of glucose through the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain produces ATP as an energy source.

Glucose and Diabetes Relationship

Blood glucose imbalances can lead to hyperglycemia (excess glucose) or hypoglycemia (low glucose). Prolonged hyperglycemia can cause diabetes mellitus, increasing the risk of complications such as heart disease and nerve damage. Conversely, hypoglycemia may result in weakness, dizziness, or loss of consciousness. Regular blood glucose monitoring is essential for preventing and managing these metabolic disorders.

Blood Glucose Testing

Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and random blood glucose (RBG) tests are essential for assessing glycemic control and detecting diabetes. FBG is measured after ≥8 hours of fasting to evaluate baseline glucose levels, while RBG assesses the body's response to food intake. Normal FBG is <100 mg/dL, and normal RBG is <140 mg/dL; elevated levels may indicate prediabetes or diabetes mellitus. Regular testing is crucial for early diagnosis, therapy monitoring, and complication prevention.

Organs and Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose Levels:

Liver:	Converts glucose into glycogen and vice versa.
Pancreas:	Produces glucagon hormone.
Adrenal Glands:	Regulates glucose levels through cortisol and epinephrine.
Thyroid Gland:	Increases glucose levels via thyroxine.
Anterior Pituitary Gland:	Increases glucose levels through adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Insulin Hormone:	Lowers glucose levels by increasing GLUT4 activity.
Glucagon Hormone:	Increases glucose levels by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.
Somatostatin Hormone:	Lowers glucose levels alongside insulin.
Cortisol Hormone:	Increases glucose levels by stimulating gluconeogenesis and antagonizing insulin.
Epinephrine Hormone:	Increases glucose levels via glycogenolysis and fatty acid release from adipose tissue.
Thyroxine Hormone:	Increases glucose levels through glycogenolysis and enhanced intestinal absorption.
Growth Hormone:	Inhibits glucose uptake by the liver.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone:	Stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol.

Measurement Method

UV Enzymatic Test Using Hexokinase

Product Advantages

Ready-to-use liquid reagent (open-system) without reconstitution.
Guaranteed function testing and reagent installation.
Excellent linearity and stability performance.
Available in MPK (Multi-Purpose Kit) and dedicated kit.
Available in MPK (Multi-Purpose Kit).
Available in dedicated kit.
Compatible with >65 brands of manual and automated clinical chemistry analyzers.

Specifications

Sample type	Human Serum, plasma heparin or urine.
Measurement range	0.46 mg/dL - 500 mg/dL
Analysis wavelength	340 nm
Analysis mode	End-Point
Reagent volume used (analyzer manual)	250 µL - 1000 µL
Sample volume used (analyzer manual)	10 µL
Storage temperature	2 – 8 °C
Open vial stability	12 months
Expiration date	24 months

Control and Calibrator

Control for Glucose Reagent	Calibrator for Glucose Reagent
TruLab N	TruCal U
TruLab P	Glucose Standard FS

Reference Range

Reference Range:
Newborn
Umbilical cord blood	63 – 158	3.5 – 8.8
1 hour	36 – 99	2.0 – 5.5
2 hours	39 – 89	2.2 – 4.9
5 - 14 hours	34 – 77	1.9 – 4.3
20 - 28 hours	46 – 81	2.6 – 4.5
44 - 52 hours	48 – 79	2.7 – 4.4
Children (Fasting)	60 – 99	3.3 – 5.5
Adults (Fasting)
Serum/Plasma	60 – 95	3.3 – 5.3
Urine	≤ 16.5	≤ 0.91

Kit Lines

No. Catalog	R1	R2
1 2511 99 10 022	5 X 20 mL	1 X 25 mL
1 2511 99 10 025	3 X 80 mL	1 X 60 mL
1 2511 99 10 027	2 X 100 mL	2 X 25 mL
1 2511 99 10 029	3 X 200 mL	1 X 150 mL
1 2511 99 10 181	4 X 36 mL	4 X 9 mL
1 2511 99 10 191	4 X 36 mL	4 X 9 mL
1 2511 99 10 591	4 X 60 mL	4 X 15 mL
1 2511 99 10 914	6 X 60 mL	6 X 15 mL
1 2511 99 10 920	4 X 38 mL	4 X 11 mL
1 2511 99 10 951	6 X 36 mL	6 X 9 mL
1 2511 99 10 965	6 X 25 mL	6 X 6 mL

Product Content

Name

Glucose Reagent

Kit Content

Doos
Kit insert
Reagents bottle

Journal

PROLINE. PROLINE Glucose Hexokinase FS Kit Insert [Update: 12511 01 – Sep 2024/03]
Gurung P, Zubair M, Jialal I. Plasma Glucose. [Updated 2024 Feb 27]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. DOI: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541081/
Eprilia V, Boy E. 2022. Pemeriksaan Kadar Gula Darah Untuk Screening Hiperglikemia Dan Hipoglikemia. Jurnal Implementa Husada. E-ISSN: 2722 - 0877. Vol. 3, No. 2, Hal. 65-71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30596/jih.v3i2.11906
Anggraini R, Nadatein I, Astuti P. 2020. Relationship of HbA1c with FastingBlood Glucose on Diagnostic Valuesand Lifestyle in Type II DiabetesMellitus Patients. Journal of MedicalLaboratory Science Technology. ISSN: 2580-7730. Vol. 3, Issue. 1, Hal. 5-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21070/medicra.v3i1.651
Thomas L. Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics [Internet]. Prof. Lothar Thomas; 2020. DOI: https://www.clinical-laboratory-diagnostics.com/
Hantzidiamantis PJ, Awosika AO, Lappin SL. Physiology, Glucose. [Updated 2024 Apr 30]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545201/